Adoption And Identity Formation Essay -- essays research papers

There has been an enormous amount of research conducted approximately adoptees and their problems with individualism organization. Many of the researchers agree on some of the causes of identity formation problems in adolescent adoptees, while other researchers conclude that there is no significant difference in identity formation in adoptees and rescue tykeren. This paper lead discuss some of the research which has been conducted and will approach to answer the following questions Do adoptees have identity formation difficulties during adolescence? If so, what ar some of the causes of these vicissitudes? Is there a significant difference between identity formation of adoptees and nonadoptees?The National Adoption Center reports that fifty-two percent of adoptable children have attachment disorder symptoms. It was also found that the older the child when adopt, the higher the risk of social maladjustment (Benson et al., 1998). This is to say that a child who is follow at on e-week of age will have a better find out of &8220normal adjustment than a child who is adoptive at the age of ten. This whitethorn be due in part to the probability that an infant will learn how to trust, where as a ten-year-old may have more encumbrance with this task, depending on his history. Eric Erickson, a developmental theorist, discusses trust issues in his theory of development. The introductory of Erickson&8217s stages of development is Trust v. Mistrust. A child who experiences neglect or abuse can have this stage of development severely damaged. An adopted infant may have the opportunity to fully learn trust, where as an older child may have been shuffled from foster home to concourse home as an infant, thereby never learning trust. Even though Trust v. Mistrust is a major stage of development, &8220the greatest psychological risk for adopted children occurs during the middle childhood and adolescent years (McRoy et al., 1990). As children get under ones skin and c hange into adolescents, they begin to search for an identity by finding anchoring points with which to relate. Unfortunately, adopted children do not have a biological example to which to crop (Horner & Rosenberg, 1991), unless they had an open adoption in which they were able to form a family relationship with their biological families as well as their adoptive ones. Also pick out to the development of trust is the ab... ..., K., Kotsopoulos, S., Oke, L., Pentland, N., Sheahan, P., & Stavrakaki, C. (1988). Psychiatric Disorders in Adopted Children A Controlled Study. American ledger of Orthopsychiatry, 58(4), 608-611.Hajal, F., & Rosenberg, E. (1991). The Family Life Cycle in Adoptive Families. American ledger of Orthopsychiatry, 61(1), 78-85.Horner, T., & Rosenberg, E. (1991). Birthparent Romances and Identity Formation in Adopted Children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 61(1), 70-77.Kelly, M., Martin, B., Rigby, A., & Towner-Thyrum, E. (1998). change and Identity For mation in Adopted and Nonadopted Young Adults Contributions of a Family Enviornment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 68(3), 497-500.McRoy, R., Grotevant, H., Furuta, A., & Lopez, S. (1990). Adoption Revelation and Communication Issues Implications for Practice. Families in Society, 71, 550-557.Wegar, K. (1995). Adoption and affable Health A Theoretical Critique of the Psychopathological Model. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 65(4), 540-548.