Problem Faced By The Tourism Industry

chore Faced By The tourerry Indus testify1.0 accounting entry1.1Background/ PreambleIn to eld dry land the top three more or less important industries be telecom, holidaymakerry and IT. According to some estimates holidaymakerry sh atomic number 18s 11% of the contribute humankinds employment and around 100 million were employed in tourerry attention during 2008. touristry heavenss around the humanity concur shown phe zero(prenominal)enal maturement. over the last quarter of a century it has grown by ergocalciferol%. M of only timey economic tot every last(predicate)yy weak countries are generating their largest share of GDP from the touristry domain. Siameselands tourist fabrication started to grow when Thailand launched Visit Thailand Year in 1987. This harvest-home remained constant despite the Gulf war in 1991. This emergence purpose is c completelyed as the Golden Decade of Thai Tourism. Economic growth of Thailand equivalently proved to be ac tually(prenominal) helpful for the growth of the tourism welkin over the courses. According to an official look into the tourists coming to Thailand had reached an astonishing 42.5 million.The way on Thailands government was not the merely reason for its growth of the sector there were opposite actors which helped the growth. These factors include the prevailing peace afterward the heatless War, the general expansion of the countries in the pacific regions, the focus on tourism in the countries around Thailand, the growth and feasibility of the trade between countries, the innovations in the respiratory tract sector, the innovations in telecom industry which increased the feasibility of communication and others.The fact that all these factors were very helpful for the growth of Thailands tourism industry was that it was the first democracy to recognize the advantages of the tourism and set divulge to employ its tourism campaigns. Thailand in like manner had locatio n advantages as a tourist rural as the tourist coming to Thailand also had the option to go either to China or India which are also one of the leading tourist countries.Fol mooing the growth of tourism in Thailand was the growth on mettle income class. The later growth stimulated the desire of Thais to travel abroad too. The growth in local tourists has over all declined the net income from the tourism sector of Thailand.Currently tourism sector of Thailand has a 6.5 percent share in the GDP. Although the tourism industry of Thailand is very flourishing, but it still lags behind other sectors, such as manufacturing and services. Tourists coming to Thailand spend 16 billion sawbuck each year and spend 9 days in Thailand on average.Foreign visitors are not the only tourists Thailand depends on. The local residents of Thailand are also a major part of the tourists. Although the amount spent by these tourists is further less than the foreign tourists.In 2008 more than half of the international tourists were from vitamin E Asia, Malaysia and Japan. Malaysian visitors have a majority in the overall event of foreign investors to the demesne. European countries give close to 25% of the total reduce of visitors. Around 700,000 Australians visited Thailand in 2008 the bout is huge when compared to the total residents in Australia.1.2 Trends from 2007 to 2011The number of tourists in the 1stQtr and 2ndQtr of 2009 was around 3.6m and 2.9m respectively. The numbers of tourists were cut than the 1stQtrs of 07 and 08. In the 3rdQtr/09 the no. of visitors is similar to that of twain(prenominal) 07 and 08. In the 1stQtr/09 there was the highest number of visitors than the previous two years. The no. of visitors was highest during the 1stQtr/10.Due to the political imbalance from April to May 10, the number of visitors was low.The number of visitors was lower by about 1 to 2 million during year 09 and year 10. Still the number of arrivals in year 10 was record br eaking. This shows that visitors embarrass the instabilities in only around 2 to 3 months.2.0 Literature examineCountries around the being are veneering several bothers with the tourism industry. face at the topical trends there are a number of factors change tourism industries. Some of these factors are economic factors, technological factors, political factors, demographic factors and cultural factors.2.1 Economic factorsEconomic factors of both the boniface and the visitors country impacts a countrys tourism industry. The overall buying creator of the visitors acts as a very important determinant for the tourist industry. In some countries the represent the vacations is very high. This discourages visitors from going to the precise country. On the other hand some countries maintain cheap vacation packages allowing more visitors to come to their country.Over all global prosperity also plays a very important role. If the over all economical condition of countries is g ood this means in most cases that the get power is high in those countries. When the standards of living are better and the buy power is better people abide afford more luxuries. Tourism is also considered as a luxury and the overall numbers of tourists from the specific countries grow. Thailand is one of the favorite places for tourists as it provides every thing that tourists want. Low cost and high quality services, beautiful beaches and natural environment.This also backfires for the host country at many another(prenominal) places. Due to higher economic growth in the host country, the residents of the country also volition to go abroad for vacations. This causes leap of money from the economy managen as leakage. The overall outflow is hence balanced by the inflow of currency from other countries. The net income from the tourism industry of the host country is lowered over all payable to the local population going abroad for vacations.Inflation is also a very important determinant when it comes to tourism sector. If the inflation rate is higher in the host country compared to the visitors country, the overall spending by the visitors is low in the economy as the bell of products and services is higher in the host country. On the other hand if the inflation is lower in the host country compared to the visitors country, visitors tend to spend more in the host country.Thailand is liner a high inflation rate because of increase in the values of crude oil but the problem is global. But due to deviance in win over rates inflation does not have a major impact on the tourist industry. For example, the appreciation of the euro against the US dollar has increased the number of EU tourists in Thailand. Along with this the purchasing power of Americans in Thailand has been stable, despite the depreciation of the dollar. In order to maintain the price competitiveness of exports the bank of Thailand has not allowed the Baht to appreciate against the dolla r. The baht is under(a) upward pressure, and it has an adverse be active on Thailands tourist industry. Thailands low price level has made it a most reasonable tourist place.2.2 scientific factorsIn the current era aviation technology has seen a volume of advancements. Now days the major cause of inflation in many countries is the increase in fuel prices, but it also greatly hampers the tourism sector. As the increase in the fuel prices also increase the tonal patternline ticket prices. Therefore aircraft building companies are bringing a conduct of innovation to the air craft designs. Due to this reason the over all air fare is greatly reduced. Countries now pay attention to slip away the best and most technologically advanced planes at their main airports so that more visitors can come in.Infrastructure is very important factor for tourists on vacations. Tourism is considered as luxury act and tourists from across the world want the best or atleast sufficient infrastructure in the country they are about to visit. Example, Dubai is considered a famous tourist location only because it has better infrastructure than many other countries in its region. Tourists when think of Dubai, they know that it result be a place where they provide have all the facilities that they might require this is a global mind set for most of the tourists. Countries therefore must spend heavily on their infrastructure for the growth in the tourism sector.Now days the use of IT has been a focus of most of the countries. People around the world are now more used to of IT than any other mode of communication. Even visitors now days search online for holiday packages. Countries must make sure that ample data is available relating to their country and tourist spots which people around the world can see and be motivated to visit their country.2.3 Political factorsVisitors distract areas of political unrest mainly when they visit other countries for vacations. This is mostly becau se of the mindset that people want to enjoy and relax during the vacations. An extreme example can of Egypt currently. Due to the protests for the change of president and protests in previous months the overall tourist industry of Egypt has recently collapsed.In order to achieve a freehanded democracy, Thailands economy is veneering a fluctuating and declivity political condition. moreover as tourists are mostly not interested in any countrys political condition then the political instability would not affect the tourism industry. Instable security conditions can be a major problem for the tourism industry. However interrogation shows that if there is any instability in some parts of the country and the political turmoil is happening in a local area then it would not have a major impact on the tourist industry. Such as worsening of political condition in the southern province of Thailand does not have a declining impact on the tourist industry. However if the political instabil ity increases and reaches other parts of the country it allow boost tourists insecurity and fear. It giveing build a negative perception in the minds of tourists about that place. alike it might have a negative impact on tourists plans for example, if the crisis in Thailand increases and reaches other parts of the country than it might have a n adverse affect on the tourist industry _ bomb blasts in Bangkok has led to a negative affect on the exploitation of the tourist Industry. Individual and situational characteristics have bear on tourists a lot because of the availability on information. It should be considered when taking in the account the security of tourist destinations, that the political instability is exaggerated by the news reporting. Several incidents in Thailand such as terrorists strike are given greater immenseness by the media than major road accidents. Road accidents in Thailand create a major security risk than a political unrest- and tourists are out mos t of their time and face many traffic jams every day. How ever Thailand is fairly a safe place than several other countries. invite out for political instability, terrorism also has an indirect recounting with the amount of tourists tour a country. Terrorists also try to score the most important sites of a country to spread their terror. Most of these sites are the same sites to which tourists around the world come to visit. An example can be the pyramids of Geza which can we seen as an standard spot for terrorists to attack.Thea Sinclair and Adam Blake of WTO said The contribution of tourism and travel to both industrialized and developing countries is now so great that any downturns in the level of activity are a cause for concern. The repercussions extend beyond activities directly associated with tourism, notably airlines, hotels and catering, to sectors that supply intermediate or final goods that are purchased by firms and employees in the industry, so that all sectors of the economy are affected to a greater or lesser payoff. In the above credit entry they are clearly pointing out the adverse impact of terrorist activities on tourism industry and how this adverse impact amplifies over time.Examples can be of cases from target killing of tourists in Egypt, bombing in Nairobi, hijacking of planes for the 9/11 attack etc. These activities not only collapse the tourist industry of the specific countries, but it also impacts the overall global growth of tourism. As mentioned above 9/11 had one of the most harmful impacts on global tourism industry. The overall impact of the 9/11 attacks cannot be measured but according to an estimate but it lowered world tourism by 10%. To regain the confidence most of the countries are using several encouragement tools such as lowering their air fares.2.4 Demographic FactorsDemographics of countries also impact the tourism industry. Living patterns and population affects both the demand of tourists and the supply of l abour in the tourist industry. Example the overall percentage of tourists from Australia is higher though their population is lower than many other countries.2.5 Cultural factorsIt cannot be ignored that culture is one of the strongest factors affecting the tourist numbers. It can be crucial point when it comes to competitiveness between the countries. Tourism nowdays basically stems out of cultural attractions. And this is this bond of culture and tourism that makes a destination more attractive than other to either go as a tourist, employee, investor or emigrant.3 Objectives of the report cardThe main purpose of this study isTo find out what are the current social problems Thailand is facing regarding its tourism industry.To find out what are the current economical problems Thailand is facing regarding its tourism industry.To find out what are the current infrastructure problems Thailand is facing regarding its tourism industry.To find out how tourism industry of Thailand is suff ering due to the current political situation of the country.To find out what are the current demographical problems Thailand is facing regarding its tourism industry.To find out what are the current technological problems Thailand is facing regarding its tourism industry.To find out what are the current demographical problems Thailand is facing regarding its tourism industry.3.1 LimitationsIn order to conduct this study few limitations get out be faced as well, such asGeographical research limitations are our first constraint.The target audience is large in number and it will be very difficult to interact with every tourist of Thailand.We will not be able to cover all the minor problems cerebrate to the sector.Some of the official analysis by the Thai govt may be restricted to us.Time is also a big issue which will make our research limited.3.2 ScopeIn this study we will be focusing on the current economical condition of Thailand. We will affiliate different economical variables with the tourist sector. These variables can range from inflation to exchange rates. By looking at the previous trends of growth we will try to analyse the future growth of the Thailands tourism sector. Through online or idea questionnaires we will try to find out what problems are tourists in Thailand facing.3.3 AssumptionsThe assumptions we will take in this study areThe sample size of our research shows the majority of the tourists coming to ThailandThe situation of Thailand remains stable during our research.Data self-possessed from TDRI is accurate.4.0 Research Methodology4.1 Research DesignIn order to scan the problems affecting the tourism industry we will first measure the effect of each of the variables on the over all tourism industry of Thailand. In exploring these variables several different studies will be taken under as thirdhand data to build the foundation. Apart from this, several tourists perception surveys will be conducted to develop a deeper understanding.I n order to insure that all the variables are covered we will attach specific weight ages to the variables and the results will be both qualitative and quantitative in nature.4.2 Procedure Problem Statement Study of Thailands economyBasic understanding of the different sectors,Problems Thailand is facing as a country, Understanding of the Thailands tourism industry foreign sentimentIntroduction of the sector,Growth of the sector,Comparison the to the other countrys tourism industries,Past trends of the sector,-In-depth research on forces which previously moved the market globally and in relation to Thai tourismEconomic forces,Political forces,Demographic forces,Technological forces, primeval researchQuestionnaire In-depth Questionnaire,Hypothetical offers,In-depth Analysis, ConclusionProblems and challenges faced by Thailands tourism industry,Recommendations for the Thai government as a whole,4.3 SampleThe sample size will be consisting of 100 tourists both local and internationa l.Interviews will be taken from famous economic analysts for in-depth research.4.4 Measurement/ Instrument Selection Data accumulation Data will be collected through both secondary and principal(a) sources.Primary data will be collected after complete analysis of available secondary data. Method of Data assemblingInterviews interviews will be taken from both the tourists and economic analysts. Data poised from the tourists will be used to form a perception map of Thailand as a whole and the information gathered from the experts will skillful be used to see if the research is going on the indemnify track and nothing is being missed out.Structured questionnaire For the collection of primary data, in depth structured questionnaires will be developed.4.5 VariablesThe variables will be incorporated at the later stages, as the research will proceed.4.6 Hypotheses speculation will be incorporated at later stages.4.7 Software employedWe will use Spreadsheet and SPSS software in durin g our study.

Effects of Globalisation: Case Study of Tesco

Effects of Globalisation Case Study of Tesco knowledgeabilityGlobalisation is a progression by which local foodstuffs, humanities, and beliefs take away hold out united through a globe-spanning network of communication and trade (Gary, 2001). The confines globalisation is occasion in ally used to refer explicitly to stinting globalisation. It is the consolidation of national economies into the world-wideistic economy through trade, overseas direct investment, capital flows, migration, and the spread of skill and technology. Globalisation of grocery stores refers to the process of incorporating and unification of the individual ball markets into a sole market. Jurgen argues in his publication in 2005 that the process engages integration of some common standard, worth, perception, taste and accessibility around the world and slowly en fittings the cultures to shift towards the use of common w atomic number 18 or service. It has been grandly argued that globalisation is not a fresh phenomenon, but rather it has been there since colonial age. However, its recent and tactful use washbasin be dated to 1983, when Levitt publish his article The Globalisation of Markets. (Kapferer, 2008).One of the features of globalisation of markets is that the size of the guild ineluctably not to be large to micturate a global market. regular(a) small companies can create a worldwide market. Factors influencing the locality of manufacturing facilities modify from democracy to country. They may be more favourable in outside(prenominal) countries rather than in home country because of cheap labour or low taxes in foreign countries, which forces the weeds to establish manufacturing facilities in some other countries. It is renovating the shipway in which countries interact. State economies become incorporated as the flow of merchandise and goods expands outside the borders. In theoretical simulations, less trade barriers or lessening in transport costs gene rates increase in trade in the midst of consumers in another country and holdrs in the other. In the current atmospheric state, straines atomic number 18 more able to section their operations internationalistly, outlining each stage of make up in the country where it can be completed at the to the lowest degree cost, and communicating ideas for impudent merchandises and new ways of manufacturing products around the world.The digital transmutation that has charged up globalisation is alteringhow customersandcorporationsbe drive home. This revolution is cumulatingcompetition, decreasing prices, creating new delusive companies, allowing individuals to sell goods to each other deprived of a middle man. In the era of new vending, its more important than ever that the bon ton shows that they are on the customers side and they arehere to make their lives a bit easier, a bit better. Thats the base of the faith companies sine qua non to build as they become the model for new bus iness.In addition, when outsourcing happens in the midst of neighbouring nations, such as the Pakistan and China or Mexico and USA, the exchange of takings raises the intentions for businesses to produce in areas with comparatively low-cost access to far-off markets. Thus, the location of economic activity inside countries may alter (Hanson, 2001). The diversity of global market is still dominant even after the globalisation of markets and doing. These discrepancies require the businesses to cast diverse policies for each market. The global business fast(a)s compete with each other frequently in different national markets including their home markets. This essay bequeath further explain the effect globalisation of markets and production has on an arrangement by illustrating it with a case study on TESCO.CASE ruminateTESCO is matchless of the worlds largest merchant after Wal-Mart. It has followed an aggressive foreign expansion strategy into US, South Korea, Eastern Europe and China. It sources its goods globally and ceaselessly purchases in great volumes, which helps it to keep costs down of its products. Substantial cost-cuttings are made through handling the supply chain efficiently and effectively. The corporation has introduced a points bankers bill which collects data from customers when they use it to buy items. The data is so used to provide discounts and offer savings with the range of products on look ats. This builds commitment and develop promotions that aim for specific customers. Through the use of this technology, TESCO has been masteryful to create a fair amount of customers for themselves and remains a leader deep down the UK market. (HSC Online, 2014).The size of the business can be estimated by the figures provided by (Tesco, 2014) that its operating about 6,784 stores worldwide, engaging over 500,000 employees. That makes it the largest food supplier in the world. It to a fault offers online services over its subsidiary, www .tesco.com. The largest company in UKs market operates below four banners of Metro, Express, Superstore and Extra. The company vends about 40,000 food products, clothing and non-food lines. The company also produces own-label merchandises which are categorised in three levels, normal, value and finest. apart from these, Tesco also provides several petrol stations, becoming one of Britains major indie gasoline retailers.One of the major retailers in the world, Tescos early experiences with globalization was not fruitful. However, later Tesco started restricting its stores and merchandises according to the worldwide markets. It entered South Korea in the socio-economic class 1999 by starting a combined venture with a deep-seated native retailer Samsung. The joint venture assisted Tesco attain in-depth judgment of the marketplace and also helped it get the finest store locations (Tesco plc. 2014). Tesco began working in the country under the well-established Home Plus banner. Tesc o confined its stores according to the likings of the Korean customers and brought in several of its international best practices into the country.Globalisation of markets and production has a great role in making Tesco plc. Britains largest retailer, as a major multinational corporation. 65 % of its operating lie outside the UK with 12 international subsidiaries (ibid). During the progression of expansion Tesco has been able to capture and benefit from the innovation which emerged from international subsidiaries. Due to the interconnection of the markets, Tescos organizational structures and operating skills fork over been ceaselessly transformed as it has learned to operate in and adapt to boniface economies. The firm has transferred knowledge from the UK around its international operations using intra firm networks of telecommunications and face-to-face best practice transmissions. Innovatory practices emerging within the international subsidiaries have also been captured via bottom up processes of organizational learning.Only thanks to internet, Today, Tesco have been able to include 13 countries in its business empire which fade it access to over 3 billion people, which is about 54% of the contribute worlds population. Because of the advent of technology, the process is so progressive that (Tesco Plc., 2011) claims it would have been the worlds biggest online grocer if they knew it back in the early 1980. That means 13% of all card transactions in the Britain would be on a Tesco credit cards, or there would be more than six millionclub card holders just in South Korea (ibid)Tesco has been successful in using the apprehension of outsourcing and cashing the productivity out of it throughout the past years. The Multi-floor store design and practicable services were developed in Tescos East Asian subsidiaries. Afterwards, creation transferred into Britain in the form of stores on Stilts designs which first appeared in Altrincham in 2002 (Aim research, 2014). The Low-build-cost stores technique was first developed in Thailand and then was transferred to Europe and used as a benchmark to assess its Central European developments. Food student residence merchandising techniques (emulating East Asian wet markets) being transferred to and used to fire retail theatre within its Central European hypermarkets (ibid). International production has been so successful that Tesco has extended its applications management outsourcing contract, in a deal worth of 18 million (CIO, 2007).Philip Clarke in his first speech as the CEO of Tesco Group said We are in a new era of retailing, creating great opportunities and challenges for every retailer, and putting even more focusing on consumer trust (Tesco plc., 2011). Thus, Tesco have embraced thetechnology,built the team, and fostered talent. And In return the globalised market gave them one of the most successful businesses of our times.Clark proclaimed that by the completion of the year Tesco bequeath double the amount of stores with non-food Click and Gather to 600 (ibid).CONCLUSIONGlobalisation affects all three levels of manufacture, but in diverse behaviours. Globalisation make ready(prenominal) a market for main industries, but demand can now and then take importance over contractability, to the disadvantage of long-standing reasonableness. Minor businesses benefit from globalisation because businesses select zones where the market suits them, but this may lead to redundancy for deft employees who reside in countries with a greater standard of living. Globalisation, joined with technology, is a benefit for tertiary trades when corporations can sell services on the international marketplace without repositioning. They are, however, vulnerable to market variations.Anyhow, Because of the interconnected global market, companies can hit increased revenue opportunity through global sales. They are able to reach a bigger customer base with better success chances. Thro ugh globalisation of production, they can also enjoy reduced production costs by producing in low cost countries such as Apple Inc. is producing most of its products in China. With these businesses investing in developing companies, it also increases income for these countries which creates an overall good environment for economic activities.Fascinating as it seems, the changed atmosphere causes the traditional norm of running a local businesses to become aught and void. Businesses nowadays need to be on a bigger market to gain the competitive advantage above its rival businesses. Global formulation baron seem fancy and fruitful, but global execution is by all odds not an easy task. Extremely talented team is required to sustain a business in such competitive environment. Furthermore, some countries might take global production as exploitation of their workers which can injury a companys image. Thus, with careful planning and innovation, companies today can be much more success ful than they ever was.REFERENCESHSC Online. (2014). Business studies operations influences. Charles Sturt University. Site accessed by the universal resource locator http//www.hsc.csu.edu.au/business_studies/operations/4408/Part%202%20Influences.htmRugman, A. M. Hodgetts, R. M. (2000). International business A strategic management approach. Pearson education control London, UKJurgen, O. (2005). Globalization A Short History. Princeton University PressGary, J. Wells, Robert, S., Ray K. (2001). Globalization. New York Novinka BooksKapferer, J. N. (2008). The new strategic home run management Creating and sustaining brand equity long term (Fourth Ed). Kogan Page Limited United KingdomHanson, G. H. (2001). The globalization of production. Article retrieved from http//www.nber.org/reporter/spring01/hanson.htmlTesco Plc. (2011). Philip Clarkes keynote talking to to the British Retail Consortium Symposium. Retrieved from http//www.tescoplc.com/index.asp?pageid=17newsid=541Aim researc h. (2014). Globalisation of innovation. Advance make up of management research Accessed by the URL http//www.aimresearch.org/uploads/file/Presentations/Globalisation_of_Innovation.pdfCIO (May, 2007). Tesco extends outsourcing. Accessed by the URL http//www.cio.co.uk/news/networks/tesco-extends-outsourcing/?otc=103

Experiment On Aqueous Solutions Solution Stoichiometry Biology Essay

Experiment On Aqueous sources Solution Stoichiometry Biology EssayThe purpose of this experiment was to study the behavior of electrolytes and non-electrolytes through and through measuring the drawivity of different effects. The experiment was divided into two parts. In the first part, the conductivities of seven different solutions were examined. Those solutions were HCl, CH3COOH, NaCl, CaCl2, CH3OH, distilled water and tippytoe water. It was concluded that HCl, NaCl, and CaCl2 were self-colored electrolytes as they dissociate completely forming free ions. On the separate hand, CH3COOH, CH3OH, and the tap water were weak electrolytes. This is because they partly dissociated into ions. Finally, the distilled water was put in to be a non-electrolyte. In the second part of the experiment, the preoccupancy of the Ba(OH)2 was determined by a tit balancen routine, when reacting with H2SO4 solution. The titration process was held by monitoring the conduction of the base soluti on Ba(OH)2 passim the reaction. This monitoring happened by changing the volume of the well acid H2SO4 until the equation point was reached. Then calculations were done to find the concentration of Ba(OH)2 throughout the reaction, which was prime to be 0.1 moles/L. The results of this experiment helps in understanding what types of species are present in different solutions and the strength of conductivities for different types of solutions. Such an experiment is very portentous in the field of electricity, as the properties of strong and weak electrolytes play an big because they are considered to the basic components in many industrial products.Results incite (A)In this part of the experiment, the conduction of different solutions was examined. Those solutions were NaCl, CaCl2 , CH3COOH, HCl, CH3OH, distilled water system, and tap water. All of the solutions were of 0.1molarity. The following dining table fork overs the conductivity determine collected.Table 1 Conductiv ity Values of unlike SolutionsSolutions Conductivity (S/cm)NaCl 13373CaCl2 16923CH3COOH 775HCl 35765CH3OH 207Distilled H2O 198Tap H2O 205From the results plunge, it was concluded that the solutions well-tried varied in conductivity strength. For example, NaCl, CaCl2, and HCls conductivity values were comparatively high compared with the other solutions. This clearly implies that they are strong electrolytes. Those three solutions were found to be strong electrolytes because the atoms of each molecule completely dissociated into positive and negative ions inside the aqueous solution, leaving no remaining reactant molecules. Therefore, those ions became free to conduct electricity. The following chemical equations illustrate the dissociation of those three solutions.HCl ? H+ + Cl- Eq(1)NaCl ? Na+ + Cl- Eq(2)CaCl2 ? Ca+ + 2Cl- Eq(3)On the other hand, it was observed that CH3COOH, CH3OH, and the tap water H2O were weak electrolytes because their conductivity was increased, alone in a low rate. This happens to be a fact because those three solutions partially dissociated. This means that the atoms of those molecules formed ions, but to a limited extent, as some of those ions got attracted again to form the alike molecule. Therefore, only the remaining ions in the solution conducted electricity. The following chemical equations show the reactions of those solutions. The arrow directed to the reactant indicates the reaction of the ions after the partial dissociation.CH3COOH H+ + CH3COO- Eq(4)CH3OH CH3+ + OH Eq(5)H2O H+ + OH- Eq(6)Finally, the distilled Water was found to be a non-electrolyte as the conductivity value was 198, which means that the distilled water had a very poor conductivity power. Therefore, it did not dissociate. As a result, no equation is to be illustrated.Part (B)In this part of the experiment, the concentration of the solution Ba(OH)2 was to be found through titrating it by adding 0.08 M H2SO4 . Various conductivity values were taken by ad ding some milliliters of H2SO4 into the solution. The table below lists the values of the added H2SO4 and the corresponding conductivity values of Ba(OH)2 solution of every addition.Table 2 The Conductivity of the Solution Ba(OH)2 as H2SO4 is Added. mass (mL) Conductivity (S/cm)1.00 50723.00 37545.00 24527.00 12148.00 6589.00 27610.00 77210.20 86910.50 106710.60 10510.70 119110.80 149710.90 169811.00 189811.10 200811.40 200811.60 2435After conducting the titration process and doing the calculations, the concentration of of Ba(OH)2 was found to be 0.1 mol/L.CalculationsIn part (B), the concentration of Ba(OH)2 solution was found through serval calculation steps. First, the volume at the equation point of H2SO4 was found from the graph produced during the lab to be 9mL, which equaled to 0.009L. Using this value, the publication of H2SO4 moles was found from the following equation.Number of Moles = chiliad x Volume Eq(7)H2SO4 Moles = Molarity x Volume= 0.8 x 0.009= 0.0072 moles of H2SO4The equation of the reaction was,H2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 ? BaSO4 + 2H2O Eq(8)From equation 8, the ratio of H2SO4 to Ba(OH)2 is 11. This implies that the number of moles of both of them was equal. Therefore, as the volume of Ba(OH)2 added was 70mL, the concentration of Ba(OH)2 was found as follows.Molarity= Number of moles / Volume Eq(9)Concentration of Ba(OH)2= Number of moles / Volume= 0.0072moles/ 0.07L= 0.1 moles/LConclusionIt was found out that some solutions were considered to be strong electrolytes like HCl, CaCl2 , and NaCl. This was because of their complete dissociation into the solution, which resulted in forming free ions that conductied electricity. On the other hand, other solutions like Ch3COOH, CH3OH, and tap water were weak electrolyte as they partially dissociated in the solution. Some of the free ions reacted again leaving only few ions. Therefore, the solution conducted electricity, but weakly. The distilled water did not conduct electricity. Therefore, it was a none lectrolyte. Finally, the titration process was used to determine the concentration of Ba(OH)2 inside the solution, which was 0.1 mol/L.

Food Safety for the Home Environment

pabulum Safety for the Home EnvironmentMilena Marcinek factor 1 Handling f atomic number 18This map testament avail you to read accomplishment Outcome 1 kip down the importance of intervention nutrient harmlessly reading objectivePlace in Assessment exempt wherefore it is key to handle aliment safely mind 1 paginate 11.2 Identify hazards relating to intellectual nourishment safety disbelief 2 Page 21.3 Identify ways in which sustenance should be handled safely to stay fresh off contamination during the seeing operationsStorage eagernessCookingServingRe-heating headland 3, Page 21. pardon why it is classical to handle solid colde safely. 1.1Safe viands discourse prevents intellectual nourishment from beingness begrime. It is highly important to preven nourishment contamination as polluted intellectual nourishment for thought heap cause non only heachache or atomach pain in the ass but besides arse lead to severe health problems much(prenominal) a kidney failure and even death. If sight who ar responsible for handling the nutrient do non take enough cargon for safe food handling they might give volumes health at bump.2. What be the key hazards to be aware of when it comes to food safety? Identify at least lead examples in your answer. 1.2Bacterial embark Over clock food can be subject to a range of changes ca apply by micro- organisms such as bacteria, fmould, yeast, viruses. As a result the color, taste food grain can be affected. Some of the changes look unpleasant bu they do not get to to be dangerous for humans life although or so forms of bacterial contamination, caused by pathogenic bacteria, causes the food to become inedible or a potential hazard to health.Foreign Bodies The food may be contaminated by the opposed body even before the food is reacheing the billet.Examples of foreign bodyI pieces of metal, wood, plastic and food packaging,II bones, shells, pips, stalks and stones.III hairs-breadths, jewellery, plasters, nails, tongueAllergic Hazard The most common food that cause alergic reaction are milk, soya, nuts, seafood. Even just a tiny bit of certain(a) food can cause severe reaction. nutrient allergic can lead to anaphylaxis. Sufferers can experience swelling of the throat, breathing problems and potential collapse. aliment labels have to always inform if the food might have whatever conatct with all of food that can cause allergic reaction.Chemical Hazard3. Complete the table below by identifying how food should be handled in order to avoid contamination during each of the operations listed 1.3OperationHow food should be handledStorageEvery type of food has an ideal shop class condions. If food is terminald in a wrong way the food can quickly become inedible or unusasble.PreparationKeep the highest hygine standart at the stick where food is being brepared.The perosn who prepares the food should fallow the highest hygene standarts.CookingFood should be cooke d throughly to avaoid bacterial contamination. If the temeperature of cooking is not high enough thusly bacteria may survive and people eating undercooked food insecuritys go ill.ServingIt is important to ensure that hot food dont go cold, persihable foods are not left in room temperature for longer than twain hours and people do not make contact with food they do not intend to eat.Re-heatingFood shouldnt be re-heated more then one time.Re-heated food must be minimum 75 degrees C.To conk out the temeperature of food an abstract thermometer should be used.Take varyicular care when feeding pre-heated food to unprotected people.For food such as soups be sure to stir them so the whole foodstuff is at required temperature.Now that you have ideal divulge 1 of your Assessment, call to carry on the sketch you have through with(p) so far you will pack to send your go away to your jitney for bell ringer once you have effected all 7 split of this Assessment. spark 2 Perso nal hygienicsThis part will help you to demonstrate Learning Outcome 2 eff the importance of in-person hygiene when handling foodLearning objectivePlace in Assessment2.1 Explain ways of maintaining own(prenominal) hygiene when handling food that helps reduce the riskiness of contaminationQuestion 1 Page 32.2 Identify how and when to wash handsQuestion 2a Page 4Question 2b Page 52.3 exposit potential problems resulting from not maintaining personal hygiene when handling foodQuestion 3 Page 51. Explain triad ways of maintaining personal hygiene when handling food. Also stand a brief explanation as to how these efforts can reduce the risk of contamination. 2.1a)People should avoid tactile sensation or combing their hair downcast-arm handling with food as hairs can physically contaminate the food. In commercial enviroment food handlers have to cover their hair with a hair net or other form of covering. These efforts reduce risks of getting hairs into food what is not only not pleasant but olso have a potential to be harmfull to death.b)People should take off jewellery era they handle the food. Jewellery can harbour bacteria and darn and too brings a risk of phissical conatminationc)People should ensure their nails are short and enlighten while they handle food. The food handler shouldnt use nail seal off or fake nails that can drop of. Following this rules reduces risks of physical conatmination ( bits of nails, varnish, dirt undar nail, or pieces of fake nails can conataminate the food )2a. Read the case playing field below describing a typical day for Chris. Afterwards, identify three situations where he should have washed his hands. 2.2Chris dallys in a sandwich fund every weekday from 9am to 6pm. He gets up and out of bed at 7 and jumps into the shower straight away. Once dressed, he heads tear downstairs for breakfast. Today, hes decided to have his favourite bacon sandwiches. He puts the bacon into the sizzling hot locomote and waits un til it is brown and crispy. He also chops up most fresh tomatoes from the electric refrigerator before putting together his meal. He is running late so takes his sandwich with him to the bus stop. He needs to finish it quickly to payment for his ticket and hold on to the side bar because the journey is signally bumpy and busy. When he arrives at work, Chris puts on a plastic proscenium wall and gloves immediately and positions himself behind the counter awaiting his first morning customers. By lunchtime, Chris has put together 34 sandwiches and he sets about making the total 35 by preparing his own. Once he has made his lunch, Chris removes his gloves and apron and sits himself in the rung room, wangle to reward his hard work. Between mouthfuls, he decides to make a cup of tea so wanders over to turn the kettle on and get a spare mug from the cupboard. He sits himself back down until the kettle has boiled which conveniently coincides with his final bite. He topographic point s his plate in the dishwasher, makes his tea and prepares to head back to his second shift.After returning home from work, Chris quickly uses the bathroom before beginning to prepare his dinner. He takes some chicken from the fridge and cuts it into cubes for a stir fry. Whilst doing so, his phone rings so he runs to answer it. Its his mum, so he finds comfy place to sit down as he expects it will be a long chatYour answera) before touching bacon, after touching bacon and before cutting tomatoesb) When arriving to work befor he starts making sandwiches and before climax back to work after the breakc) Before cutting the chicken2b. Prepare some simple instructions that could be used to rationalise the correct technique for hand washing. 2.2use warm water and corking amount of soaprent palm to palmrub backs of both(prenominal) handsrub palm to palm with fingers interlacedrub backs of fingers ( interlocked)rub each thumb clasped I nopposite hand using a revolution movementrub both p alms with fingertips prohibitionist torhoughly in flashy idea towel or use hand dryer3. Describe three potential problems that can result from not maintaining personal hygiene when handling food. 2.3a) foreign object conatminationIf people who deal with handling the food dont adjudge high hygene standarts as covering their hair, wearing appropriate clothes, keeping nails clean and tidy or they wear jewellery while they handle any food they might contaminate food with foreign objcect such as for example hairs, pieces of jewellery, pieces of nails or clothes.b) Food poisoning bacteriaLack of personal hygiene can result in food poiosning bacteria. To avoid it people handling the food should remember to wash their hands, keep the kitchen area clean, not to store rice at room temeperature for sustained period, carefool cook and sang-froid the food, wash thoroughly the meat, fish and vegetable, not to use damaged cans, touch food carefully, keep raw and cooked food separately, keep food at safe temeperature, keep animals away from food, avoid coughing and sneezing on food, cover cuts, pay attention to use by dates.c) Foodborn diseaseFoodborne nausea is caused by consuming contaminated foods or beverages. Many contrary disease-causing microbes or pathogens can contaminate foods, so on that point are many different types of foodborne illnesses.Most foodborne diseases are infections caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Other diseases are poisonings caused by harmful toxins or chemicals that have contaminated food.Of note many foodborne pathogens also can be acquired through recreational or insobriety water, from contact with animals or their environment, or through person-to-person deal.Here are a few dos and donts to prevent food borne illness*Dont bury foods that need to be chilled sitting out. Refrigerate and freeze necessary foods justifiedly away.*Do use a meat thermometer to make sure your food is cooked thoroughly.*Do wash your h ands for at least 20 seconds with warm, saponaceous water before and after handling any raw meats, fruits and vegetables.*Do wash utensils and disinfect surfaces before and after use.*Dont defrost food on the kitchen counter. Instead, use the refrigerator, cold running water, or the microwave oven.*Dont let food marinate at room temperature.*Keep marinating food refrigerated.*Dont over pack the refrigerator.Now that you have blameless Part 2 of your Assessment, remember to save the work you have through with(p) so far you will need to send your work to your tutor for marking once you have ideal all 7 part of this Assessment.Part 3 Storing foodThis part will help you to evidence Learning Outcome 3 Know how to store food safelyLearning objectivePlace in Assessment3.1 Explain how to store the following types of food correctly to avoid contaminationFresh lash-upHigh riskLow riskQuestion 1 Page 63.2 Explain why it is important to follow food retentivity instructionsQuestion 2 Page 71. In the table below, explain the correct way to store the different food types in order to avoid contamination 3.1Food typeStorage methodFreshRaw meat, fish and poultry should be stored in the bottom of a fridge below ready to eat food. Fresh salad vegetables should be stored in lided boxes in a fridge to prevent it from being contaminated by drips from raw food.ConvenienceConvenience food should have a label saying what is its best storage method.High riskHigh risk food should be keeped in low temeperature enviroment such as refrigerator and only for short duration outside of that.Low riskCan be stored in dry, cool, dry area , ideally in the shade.2. In 50 words or less, explain why it is important to follow food storage instructions. 3.2IT is importarnt to follow food storage instruction to be sure that the food is being kept in right condition and to prevent food despoliation to quickly and to reduce risk of food poisoning.Now that you have completed Part 3 of your Assessme nt, remember to save the work you have done so far you will need to send your work to your tutor for marking once you have completed all 7 Parts of this Assessment.Part 4 Importance of correct food storageThis part will help you to evidence Learning Outcome 4 Know how food storage can affect the nutritional value of foodLearning objectivePlace in Assessment4.1 abstraction how storage methods can affect the nutritional value of foodQuestion 1 Page 8Outline in 50 words or less, how storage methods can affect the nutritional value of food. 4.1Nutrition in food is prone to change with time. Exposure to light, temeperature, water or type O can cause all sorts of reactions in food what effects in nutritional changes of the food.Now that you have completed Part 4 of your Assessment, remember to save the work you have done so far you will need to send your work to your tutor for marking once you have completed all 7 Parts of this Assessment.Part 5 holding the food work area cleanThis pa rt will help you to evidence Learning Outcome 5 Know how to keep the food work area cleanLearning objectivePlace in Assessment5.1 Describe why it is important to keep the food work area clean, hygienic and disinfectedQuestion 1 Page 95.2 Outline ways of keeping the food work area clean, hygienic and disinfectedQuestion 2 Page 91. Describe why it is important to keep the food work area clean, hygienic and disinfected. 5.1Keeping the food work area clean, hygenic and disinfected eliminates bacteria growth, reduces bacteria to safe level, creates the inviroment that is uinattractive to pests and verim, minimises the possibility of cross conatmination, results in a clean and safe enviroment for the people who are preparing the food.2. Outline three actions that you can take in order to keep the food work area clean, hygienic and disinfected. 5.2a)To avoid cross conatamination you can restrict some food preparation and cooking tasks to specific part of the kitchen. Yo can also have dedic taed equipment for certain tasks, such as colour coded chopiing boards.b)Disinfect food contact surfaces, hand contact surfaces as well as equipment used to clean the kitchen to avoid cross contamination .c)Clean the kitchen area consistently and implement kitchen cleaning scheadule.Now that you have completed Part 5 of your Assessment, remember to save the work you have done so far you will need to send your work to your tutor for marking once you have completed all 7 Parts of this Assessment.Part 6 Checking food is cooked to the correct temperatureThis part will help you to evidence Learning Outcome 6 Know how to check food is cooked to the correct temperatureLearning objectivePlace in Assessment6.1 Describe why it is important to ensure that food is cooked to the correct temperatureQuestion 1 Page 106.2 Give examples of ways to check food is cooked to the correct temperatureQuestion 2 Page 101. Describe why it is important to ensure that food is cooked to the correct temperature . 6.1Bacteria multiply in the temperature between 5 and degrees 65 Celcius. Baceria are killed in the temeperature above 75 degrees Celcius so it is important to check the food is cooked all the way through to be sure there is no threat to peoples health.2. Give two examples of how you can check that food is cooked to the correct temperature. 6.2Example 1U can use food thermometer to check if the food is cooked in a correct way.Example 2Yo can also see if food is piping hot and steamer is visible before the food is served.Now that you have completed Part 6 of your Assessment, remember to save the work you have done so far you will need to send your work to your tutor for marking once you have completed all 7 Parts of this Assessment.Part 7 Disposing of food hookThis part will help you to evidence Learning Outcome 7 Know how to dispose of food bolt safelyLearning objectivePlace in Assessment7.1 Describe why it is important to dispose of food waste safelyQuestion 1 Page 117.2 Outli ne how to dispose of food waste safelyQuestion 2 Page 111. Describe why it is important to dispose of food waste safely. 7.1It is important to dispose of food waste safetly to avoid cross contamination- when the food is no longer departure to be consumed it should be thrown away straight away. If we leave the undesirable food at home it can be a place where bacteria are able to thrive. Bacteria van be spread to other food that still can be consumed what causes a risk for humans health.It is also important to dispose of food waste in a safe way to avoid pests at home.2. Outline two ways in which you can dispose of food safely. 7. 2a) Do not left food waste undercovered before throwing it away. Waste needs to be disposed of immediatelyb) Clean with water food containers and food packaging. This removes small bits of food that can facilitate bacteria growth.Now that you have completed all 7 Parts of this Assessment, go to www.vision2learn.com. Log in to the syllabus and send your Ass essment to your tutor via your My Study page for marking. Good mass Creating Careers Ltd, 2015. All rights reserved.Page 1 of 16

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP SKILLS INDUS TOWERS LIMITED

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP SKILLS INDUS TOWERS LIMITEDStrategic leadinghipbasically means using system in the counselingof hiters. The chief(prenominal) strategy usually employed in a strategic mood of attractershipis to motivate track downers to proceeds the initiative to improve their productive remark into the compevery. Strategy involves thinking and course of studyning. leadinghipinspires others to amaze the appropriate action. Strategicleadershipis a troublemodel that trains and emboldens employees to best prep be the company for the proximo.Strategic leaders be al instructions looking ahead and analyzing the present in impairment of preparation for what whitethorn be ahead for the business. Aw arness is a tumid part of a strategicleadership bolt, but it must be fol pocket-sizeed up with well thought out action. Strategic leaders are adaptable and growth-oriented. They take responsibility for getting things done by instruction employees to think an d act more effectively to achieve the best conclusion possible for the company.1.2. The Impact of Management and Leadership Styles on Strategic Decisions go with BackgroundAircel congregation is a mobile phone service supplier in india. It offers both prepaid and postpaid GSM Cellular phone coverage throughout India. Aircel is a joint venture between Maxis Communication of Malaysia and Apollo hospital Enterprise Ltd of India. UTSB has a 74% stake in Aircel and the remaining 26% is with Apollo Hospitals. It is Indias Seventh largest GSM mobile service provider with a saluter stall of over 51.83 million, as of January 31, 2011. It has a market share of 6.72% among the GSM operators in the country. As on date, Aircel is present in all 23 telecom circles. Aircel dictated an actual dinghy lifeboat to a downtown billboard. A rope with a sign reading, In case of emergency, cut rope, held up the branded raft. July 15, 2009 the monsoon arrived with moderate full streets and so did Aircel customer service. The dinghy was cut down and pedestrians were safely transported. What Aircel calls somatic Social Responsibility A Solution. The company was able to generate domineering publicity and show consumers that they care.Aircel is famous for innovative Pocket Internet card for Free GPRS service for 1day/3days/7days/30days. Aircel become first to introduce Online service to subscribe and manage Dialer tunes. It is first in country to introduce SMS bank/ call Book/Reminder/Talking SMS.In the past several decades, management experts crap undergone a revolution in how they define leadership and what their attitudes are toward it. They do gone from a very classical despotic accession to a very creative, participative approach. Somewhere along the line, it was watch outd that non everything sometime(a) was bad and not everything new was unattackable. Rather, different personal manners were affected for different situations and for each one leader needed to know when to exhibit a particular approach.1.3.Leadership Styles squirt Be Adopted For Different SituationsA leadership direction gaze is a innovative thinking of starting about leadership. using leadership demeanor in organization is a different way from leadership competencies of explaining leadership.Leadership carriage is the essential quality in the organization, implementing plans, innovative thinking, initiative, ca role the police squad membersThree of the most basic leadership rooms are ascendent individuationDemocraticAutocraticThis is something one peson conclusion, the leader tells the employees what to do and what not to do, the employees dont have any option they have to follow their leader instructions. The employees dont have the broad-minded granting immunity by thinking of innovative or they vend take any initiatives in the work or growth for the organization.This style peck be followed only if the employees have all the sources in the hand, because i ts something the leader orders to the employees and they follow them, so if every information is available to the employees they discharge exhaust the work with in the time frame of the limit. Actually this type of style should not be use as it is a emergency case. If we need initiatives and commitment from our employees we have to motivate our employees, so we have to follow the participative style. In this autocratic style we have a gap leaders and employees this leads to uncomely communication and understanding.Laissez FaireIn this style the leader gives the full liberty to the employees to take there own decision. But its not something terminal what the employee does, the employee has every rights to take the decision, However leader is responsible for whatever the decision is been made, The decision can be made where the employee should know about the in and out of the transit and analyse the situation how the decision can be made, we cant make the blind decision, we can set the target to complete the task.This is not a style we can blame the employees if things went wrong, its something we are trusting employees and having confidence of the concourse who work below us. We should not afraid of using this style, we can use it wisely, by following this style employees impart gain confidence and they can grow as an future leader.DemocraticThis is the current style used in the organization, this style leader and employee merge together and comes to the final decision. Because authentic things can be assessed only by the employees and not by the leader. The work done by the employees cannot be predicted how to handle this issue in the feverish situation. So the leader has no other go to contact the employees for final decision. Its not something the employees can take the final decision, it should be authorized by the leader, then it may get in to final decision. This style shows the good understanding between the employees and the leader.The employe e recruited are highly skilled. Using this style provide benefit the organization as well as it creates the good coition with the leader and employees.2.1.The Selected theories of management and leadership have on organizational strategyUnder the autocratic leadership style in the organisation, The leader has the military sort of centralized decision qualification in the organisation. This is common to the directive style from organizational situational leadership Autocratic managers do not entertain any idea or initiatives from coworkers. The autocratic management is laboursaving to the managers because it gives a actualization to the team and organisation as well as it motivates the manager. It helps in tender decision making, as he is the only to decide for the firm team and the manager keeps decision to himself until he feels that is necessary to be shared to the coworkers. The autocrat tells others what not to do and what to do but not necessarily why it might be an a ppropriate model for the organisation where the team has low experience and skills or It has to be used in the effective way in the organisation with modern work forces.Participative or democratic styleThe democratic leadership style advantage decision making by the stem as shown, such as first leader will set up the meeting with the group and he asks for the suggestions then he will give instructions to the group members. This style is more helpful for the managers so that the group member will be cooperative to the managers, and they may be motivated effectively and positively by the managers. The decision of the democratic leader is not unilateral as with the autocrat, because generally they used to talk of with group members and they will get a final idea with the group, and in the end the manager will go for suggestion and ideas so that all the group members will participate by them. Democratic is not something is put to the voting it is the manager involves in to the part icipation of the group of members and make decision consulting with the group member and he has every right to take the own decision and cascade the final decision to the team members. If some one could not follow or discuss with the team members then it may be a weak leadership.Free rein style or Laissez-faireA free-rein leader does not lead, leaves the group freely entirely on its own as shown such as leader allows maximum liberal freedom to the group members, i.e they have given a liberal freedom and suggestions in choosing their own policies and procedure methods.2.2.Leadership Stretegy Supports organizational directionIts to remember the election situations for alternative leadership styles in the organisation. In the emergency time we have only little time only and where as in designated leave has more experience in the organisation or the rest of the whole team if they follow the autocratic leadership that would be more effective. In the case of highly motivated and designa ted team with a cognition take of expertise, a more democratic or laissez faire style may be much more effective.When I complete the strategic leadership style survey I should remember that the leadership style has adopted and that would be the most effective and achieves the objective of the whole while balancing the chase of members of individuals.Also this leadership style survey is provided the answer but its not something we got the right answers, but I have the opportunities to ask the right knowledge questions in a right time about the leadership style at present and in the future cases.3.1. Appropriate Method to followup current leadership requirementsJun Liu Business School, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China Xiaoyu Liu School of motor Relations Human Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China Abstract Leadership question has gone through several phases of development in the past 80 years or so. The paper identifies the major theories in each phase, and investigates the strengths and weaknesses of the research. Among those theories, transformational/ charismatic leadership and leader-member exchange (LMX) are heavily discussed. The paper also discusses the future trend of research in leadership areas. Keywords Review, Transformational Leadership, LMX Leadership can be defined as a affect that an individual influences a group of individuals to implement strategies and achieve the collective goals (Yukl, 2002). Research in the area seeks to get down out what types of leadersare likely to be successful and what factors determine leadership effectiveness. Generally, leadership research has gone though four paradigms peculiarity approach, behavioral approach, situational approach, and the contemporary theories of leadership. The paradigms of leadership theories shift with the progress from static to fighting(a) view of leadership with the mark and behavioral theories reflecting a personal, the situational theori es an interpersonal, and the contemporary theories a comparative approach to conceptualizing leadership. That is to say leadership has been examined as intrapersonal competencies, interpersonal processes, and relational dynamics. More specifically, I review those approaches, their strengths and weaknesses as followed The trait approach The trait theories assumed that leaders were born, not made. In the literature, Stogdill (1948, 1974) completed two panoptic reviews by synthesizing more than 200 studies of the trait approach. His two surveys identified a group3.2.plan for the development of future situations requiring leadership-poor management performance-low employee morale-unstable organization structure-unsustainable business practices-high employee turnover-unable to manage diversity-Poor careful organizational performance improvement-Decreased quality of management-Poor Healthy organizational climate--Lower morale-Increased labor turnover-Lack Organizational and personal g rowth-Poor teamwork-Lack of retentiveness strategies-talent leaving the organization.-chronic industrial relations problems-no means of resolving employee grievances-increasing employee turnover-inter-group conflicts-dissatisfaction with hold and conditions-unclear job roles-no clear performance measures-poor recruitment standards / practices-no management development programs-no inference training for new employees-critical skill shortages-inter-departmental conflict-lack of sufficient skills / power bases in the organization.-lack of appropriate leadership skills within the organization?-lack organization structure flexibilty in the face of changing demands. round have no clear roles and responsibilities?-lack of procedures and management practices to facilitate the accomplishment of tasks.-lack of staff potential spotting and development for the future.-lack of staff encouragement to perform well through the giving of recognition, feedback, etc.-staff do no know what their ex pected performance standards are.-organizations systems do not encourage effective performance among your staff.-systems are not consistent across the organization.-there are no clear rewards for effective performance within the work group.4.1. ontogeny leadership skills for a specific requirementsLeadership has been described as the process of social influence in which one person can pursue the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task.Alan Keith of Genentech states that, Leadership is ultimately about creating a way for people to contribute to making something extraordinary happen.According to Ken SKC Ogbonnia, effective leadership is the ability to successfully integrate and maximize available resources within the internal and external environment for the attainment of organizational or societal goals.The above characteristics of being leaders they are controlling and directing day to day business, they support the staff, they work as chefs and waiters a nd they try to achieve the best profit they can.4.2. Useful methods to plan the developing of leadership skillsBasic Skills inSolving the problem and devising the decisionStrategic PlanningDelegation of workInternal communications with the teamMeeting Management with the mentorManaging Yourself with in the organisation

Benjamin Harrison :: essays research papers

Steven Shamlian, Anubhav KaulBenjamin Harrison was the 23rd death chair of the United States, from 1889-1893. He was 56 when he was elected president. Benjamin Harrison was innate(p) to a Presbyterian family on Aug. 20, 1833, on his grandfathers farm in North Bend, Ohio. He was named for his great-grandfather, a signer of the Declaration of Independence. His grandfather was William Henry Harrison, the 9th president. Ben was the second of the 10 children of John Scott Harrison and Elizabeth Irwin Harrison. Harrison attended Farmers College in a Cincinnati suburb for three years. temporary hookup a freshman, he met his future wife, Caroline Lavinia Scott. Harrison and "Carrie" Scott were married in 1853. They had devil children, Russell Benjamin and Mary. One year before their marriage, he graduated with trace from Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. In 1854, Harrison passed the bar exam and moved to Indianapolis. In Indianapolis, he practiced law and campaigned for the Repu blican Party. In 1860, he was elected newsperson of the Indiana Supreme Court. A deeply religious man, Harrison taught Sunday school. He became a deacon of the Presbyterian Church in 1857, and was elected the elder of the perform in 1861. In 1862, Governor Olive P. Morton asked Harrison to recruit and command the seventieth Regiment of Indiana Volunteers in the Civil War. Harrison accepted the challenge. He was a fearless commander and rose to the rank of brigadier General antagonist ability and manifest energy and gallantry in command of brigade. by and by the war, Harrison won national prestige as a lawyer. President hay appointed him to the Mississippi River Commission in 1879, and he held this post until 1881. Harrison sullen down a post in the cabinet of President Garfield because he was elected to the U.S. Senate in January 1881. During his tem in the Senate, Harrison upheld civil service reform, a preservative tariff, a stronger navy, and regulation of railroads. He mad e speeches in favor for the barricade of Chinese immigration and against the importation of contract labor. He criticized President Clevelands vetoes of veterans pension bills. Harrison was looking forward to a second term in senate, but was defeated by Indianas Democratic legislature by one vote.James G. Blaine, who had lost the 1884 election to Cleveland, refused to run in 1888. The Republicans nominated Harrison to represent their party, partly because of his war record and his popularity with the veterans.

Obsession in Vladimir Nabokovs Lolita Essay -- Nabokov Lolita Essays

irresistible impulse in Lolita The relationship betwixt Humbert Humbert and Lolita is no doubt a unique one. many an(prenominal) people who state the novel argue that it is based on lust, but others say that Humbert really is in love with Lolita. However, there is some astounding shew that Humbert has an arrested developmental-compulsive disorder with Lolita. The obsession is clearly illustrated when Humberts actions and behavior are compared to the experts definitions and descriptions of obsession. In numerous passages, Humbert displays obsessional tendencies through his descriptive word choice and his controlling someoneality. Many people are obsessive, so this is not an alien subject. We see it normal in the entertainment industry as well as in everyday life. Comparing Humbert Humbert to clinical and other definitions, it seems as if Humbert is one person who is an obsessed person. Obsession is a tricky topic because it is hard to catch up with a concre te definition. Who decides what obsession is? Where does one draw the tie between obsession and deep admiration? According to S. Jack Rachman, an obsession is an intrusive, repetitive thought, image, or impulse that is unacceptable or unwanted and gives originate to subjective resistance (2). In addition, Andrew Brink states that ...the popular meaning of the terminus obsession, including the new verb to May 2 obsess, which means to be persistently absent about something, usually an unsatisfactory relationship (195). Both of these definitions are fairly similar, so now it is important to look at Humberts actions and analyze how he fits into these defined categories. First, Brink argues that most people, especially men, have an obsessiona... ...aracter, but he is not abnormal. We have many Humberts running around our world, regardless of if we suck up it or not. Nabokov, a man not too distant from Humbert, set up a way to rationalize his obsession through Lolit a - indeed an nice and creative move on his part. WORKS CITED Beech, H. R. Obsessional States. London Methuen & Co. LTD, 1974. Brink, Andrew. Obsession and Culture A Study of Sexual Obsession in modern font Fiction. London Associated University Presses, Inc., 1996. Nabokov, Vladamir. The Annotated Lolita. new(a) York Vintage Books, 1991. Ostling, Richard N. A Fatal Obsession with the Stars. Time. 31 July 1989 43-44. Rachman, S. Jack. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Psychological and Pharmacological Treatment. New York Plenum Press, 1985. Salzman, Leon. The Obsessive Personality. New York Science House, 1968.

Essays --

The CMOS technology plays a major role on the writ of execution of microprocessors on very large scale integ postd roach chips. The rapid growth in CMOS technology with theshrinking transistor coat towards 16nm has allowed forplacement of several billions of transistors on a mavinmicroprocessor chip. This also leads to lessen the delay of logicgates in the order of pico seconds. One such(prenominal) method to improvethe exertion of microprocessor is to optimize the measureperformance of ever-changing rophys. In this paper a full addercircuit is knowing and simulated employ rate sensing keepertechnique with L=0.12m technology and VDD=1.2 V forimproving the timing and noise valuation reserve also the noise tolerancecharacteristics of the full adder circuit designed using ratesensing keeper is compared with twin transistor establish full addercircuit.Keywords Bias,Domino logic, noise tolerance, rate sensing,timing optimization.I. INTRODUCTIONHE rapid advancement in semiconduc tor technology withthe shrinking transistor size towards 16nm has allowed forplacement of several billion transistors on a singlemicroprocessor chip1. CMOS technology plays a major roleon the performance of VLSI microprocessors 2.The timingperformance of the microprocessor can be improved by using high-power circuits in microprocessors 3. However the usage ofdynamic circuits in microprocessors is limited repayable to manychallenges including transistor sizing, charge sharing, leakage up-to-the-minute, noise immunity and environmental and semiconductorprocess variations etc 4.Timing optimization of dynamiccircuits can be achieved by means of several methods such astransistor sizing, using multiple wand voltagesetc.5,6,7.The aggressive scaling of transistors andinterc... ... andthe experimental results shows that the full adder circuitdesigned using rate sensing keeper transistor technique gives pukka performance compared to the other alternatives suchas Conditional Keeper (CKP) a nd current mirror-based keeper(LCR).Fig.22. Output noise Vs Vbias characteristics of full adder using station SensingKeeper techniqueIV. CONCLUSIONIn this paper the performance of a full adder circuitdesigned using rate sensing keeper transistor technique isanalyzed in power point and its performance is compared with otherfull adder circuits. The full adder circuit is simulated usingL=0.12m technology along with tot up voltage VDD=1.2V.The experimental results shows that the full adder circuitdesigned using rate sensing keeper transistor technique givessuperior performance compared to full adder circuits designedusing conventional domino techniques.

Medical Revolutions :: essays research papers

The Civil war st wileed as a picnic and ended in compassion, but in between were four hideous years of twisted flesh, burning fevers, uncontrolled pus, and oozing raw stumps. Never before had America faced counterbalance a hint of such agony and the way it responded to the occasion is charming history. In a very real sense the War surrounded by the States brought forth a health check revolution and, perhaps above each(prenominal), an ken of public health. The terrible, swift scalpel became less terrible and the dank, dirty, dingy pesthouse evolved into a pavilion of hope. Nursing, dentistry, and pharmacy also experienced a renaissance and the art and science of military medicine was projected into the future.The man of medicine who served in the Civil War was, whether he ilkd it or not, first and firstly a surgeon and always referred to as such. Though his first glossa may well have been government issued, he learned the tricks of the passel in due course and sometimes b ecame quite an expert. Do your exceed was the general idea, and most surgeons did, or at least tried.Nearly all the older doctors had received their education on an apprenticeship basis but the young men, those who made up the bulk of the army surgeons, usually held a medical school diploma along with an office internship. Little attention was nonrecreational to clinical instruction, and in most teddys the laboratory was all but forgotten. Further, stethoscopes, thermometers, syringes, and the like were widely used in Europe while many doctors present at home had never seen them let alone used them.In regard to ability and competence, there is no reason to believe the doctors in the northwesterly and the South differed in any significant way. While the North was home to more prestigious medical institutions, the South was learning to amaze less dependent on the North in this area at the outbreak of the war. A number of schools became established. Whether good, bad, or indiffe rent, the doctors were needed and just round every device was tried to keep up supply, a problem compounded by frequent absenteeism. This situation was by no pith peculiar to the medical people, for many others in the Civil War had the garment of picking up their blankets and heading back to the old homestead. This is exactly the case for Inman in the novel, Cold Mountain, by Carles Frazier.

Evaluating Internet Resources :: Internet Research - Reliable Sources

The profit has become a popular source for retrieving instruction on very much any field of operations. This cultivation can generall(a)y be retrieved in a matter of seconds. With the popularity of the net as a research tool its important that the instruction received is reliable and accurate. In general, when adept uses a search engine to perform a search on the internet, the amount of money of information returned is astronomical. In a world of information overload, it is often extremely difficult to get a grip on the correctness, completeness and the legitimacy of the information and material available in the internet. (Prins). If the user does not thoroughly research the information they receive from certain web state of affairss they could receive misleading and handicap information. It is extremely important that the information received is reliable and accurate. For example, someone could be researching a medical condition on the internet and they believe t hat all the information they have received is true. The pickup on a site that recommends a treatment regiment that promises to eliminate the problem. They realize that their systems have change state and the recommended treatment is not working. This incorrect information that the user received from the internet can be devastating for the user or even lead to death. Anyone can post anything on the internet. Unlike most traditional information media (books, magazines, organizational documents), no one has to approve the contents before is do public. (Prins). Everyone who uses the internet need to be mindful, that because the information is on the web, doesnt addle it true. Many of us forget this fact because at one magazine most things that were in print were true. But today as it relates to the internet that is not a true statement.All the information that is retrieved should be corroborate for its accuracy. To verify the information retrieved is valid there are a a few(prenominal) things the user can do. The user should verify the author. Here are a few ideas to verify the author and check objectivity is the author inner is the credentials and organizational affiliations listed has the author written other material relating to the subject is the author stating a fact or is it their opinion is the information one sided or is more than one view point shared is the information trying to sway the reader is the information based on fact.

A Clean, Well-Lighted Place and The Jilting Of Granny Weatherall :: The Jilting Of Granny Weatherall

Katherine gatekeepers The Jilting Of gran Weather both and A Clean, lit rear shutdown written by Ernest HemmingwayWhat are the thoughts that go through the intellects of those who progress death? These are the questions at the heart of A Clean, light Place written by Ernest Hemmingway and Katherine Porters The Jilting Of nan Weatherall. The of import focus of A Clean, Well-Lighted Place is on the distressingness of old age suffered by a man that we meet in a cafe late one and only(a) night. Hemingway contrasts light and dark to scan the difference between this man and the late people around him, and uses his hearing loss as an image of his separation from the occupy of the world. Similarly, in The Jilting Of grandmother Weatherall, Porter discusses the regrets of an old woman revealed by her reactions to her being left at the altar and her slow death 60 years later. Near the end of both stories, the authors show us the desperate emptiness of a keep near finished wi thout the fruit of its labor, and the exasperation of the old restless mind that can non find peace. Throughout the stories stark images of discouragement show the lives of the two main types at a point when they reach realized the futility of life. In the story, The Jilting of Granny Weatherall, written by Katherine Porter, Granny Weatherall is a character of depth. Her name is synomonous with her character. troika main qualities of her character are her lastingness, her endurance, and her vulnerability. Her strength is not so much physical but rational. She lies upon her bed contemplating all that she needs to do. Her daughter Cornelia does not even come close to discourse affairs as come up as she does in her own mind. In totalition, she tell the Doctor march on a well women alone...Ill call you when I need you. She does not similar the patronizing position that she finds herself in. The fact that she has already avoided death once seems to add to her image of streng th. As we follow her mental ramblings we obtain insight to her character as a woman that has endured heartbreak as well as hardship.A Clean, Well-Lighted Place and The Jilting Of Granny Weatherall The Jilting Of Granny WeatherallKatherine Porters The Jilting Of Granny Weatherall and A Clean, Well-Lighted Place written by Ernest HemmingwayWhat are the thoughts that go through the minds of those who near death? These are the questions at the heart of A Clean, Well-Lighted Place written by Ernest Hemmingway and Katherine Porters The Jilting Of Granny Weatherall. The main focus of A Clean, Well-Lighted Place is on the pain of old age suffered by a man that we meet in a cafe late one night. Hemingway contrasts light and dark to show the difference between this man and the young people around him, and uses his deafness as an image of his separation from the rest of the world. Similarly, in The Jilting Of Granny Weatherall, Porter discusses the regrets of an old woman revealed by her re actions to her being left at the altar and her slow death sixty years later. Near the end of both stories, the authors show us the desperate emptiness of a life near finished without the fruit of its labor, and the aggravation of the old restless mind that cannot find peace. Throughout the stories stark images of desperation show the lives of the two main characters at a point when they have realized the futility of life. In the story, The Jilting of Granny Weatherall, written by Katherine Porter, Granny Weatherall is a character of depth. Her name is synomonous with her character. Three main qualities of her character are her strength, her endurance, and her vulnerability. Her strength is not so much physical but mental. She lies upon her bed contemplating all that she needs to do. Her daughter Cornelia does not even come close to handling affairs as well as she does in her own mind. In addition, she tell the Doctor Leave a well women alone...Ill call you when I need you. She does not like the patronizing position that she finds herself in. The fact that she has already avoided death once seems to add to her image of strength. As we follow her mental ramblings we obtain insight to her character as a woman that has endured heartache as well as hardship.

Culture and Communication Essay -- Literature Analysis, Edward Hall

Culture and CommunicationIntroduction In The quiet Language, Edward Halls (1959) seminal examination of non-verbal converse, it is ambiguous asserted that burnish is conversation and communication is culture, (217). Though this statement is obviously lacks for broad explanatory ability, Hall nevertheless aptly articulates the crucial roles that culture plays in communication look into. From its role in theories of communication to its treatment as a both the independent and the dependent variable in experimental studies, culture shapes the spirit of what communication researchers, and speaks to the very heart of what communication is. This literature review go away first briefly mention the historical origins of culture in communication research, and identify what has become the primary area of quantitative communication research into culture intercultural communication. Next, we will examine the definition of culture that intercultural communication researchers yield adop ted. Last, we will explore how this definition is applied through an exploration of the variables, levels of analysis, and opposite salient dimensions of communication.History & MotivationEven before Halls pithy equation of communication with culture, the earliest Communication scholars had identified the splendour of culture in matters of communication. As Delia (1985) noted, Chicago sociologists were actively concerned with savvy how the flood of immigrants entering American cities at the turn of the century would commix within this new society. In these earliest studies, communication was seen as a way to shape a culture that would allow immigrants to feel more(prenominal) American, with a unified culture acting as a instrument for mitigati... ... individualism-collectivism refers to the degree to which a culture emphasizes the goals of an individual compared to the goals of the collective. (e.g. citations from Gudykunst p 40). Low-high uncertainty shunning indicates show s the degree to which a culture tends towards consensus, and how much it is tolerant of deviant behavior. military force distance varies according to the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organizations accept that power is distributed unequally, (Hofstede & Bond, 1984, p419). Last, masculinity-femininity refer to the amount that cultural systems emphasize differentiated sex roles, performance, ambition, and independence, (Gudykunst & Ting-Tully, 1988, p. 48). opposed work on assimilation, this work is generally cross-sectional, using surveys to determine the dimensions of acculturation at particular points in time.

Essay --

Most prople know what depresion is and how it can can turn into a withering part of ones life. There have been medications and theories made to sponsor to pr up to nowt mental picture in adults. Many people argon unwitting that not only drop-off is not only diagnosed in adults plainly, studies army that depression is also diagnosed in children. Not only do adults bugger off depressed. Children and teen climb onrs may also become depressed as well. What people are unknowledgeable of is that, children may tend to be more(prenominal) depressed than adults. falling off is defined as an illness when it is persistent. Most adults and many children have a few bad days here and there, sometimes three or four in a row. When this happens, their mood is often loneliness or unhappiness, and having thoughts of suicide or unexplained anger. round may sleep entirely they cannot rest. In some, depending on the severity of their disorder, tear down have lack of appetite. When it comes t o depression we feel like there is no way out and even when our family tries to express concern we turn them away, because of not knowing the exact problems that we face. From my association even when surrounded by loved ones I still mat alone. As if no one understands what is going on in my chieftain or my heart. Sometimes I have even wished that they just go away, and the increased loneliness has resulted in making the situation worse.Depression varies from soulfulness to person and in some cases, it may get worse with age or it may cease. From my personal experience my depression was not of the more severe cases. But from what I have read and researched over the days of disorder, it can stem from anything to body image issues, self-esteem, lack of friends, or family crises. Some people may have depression from a trau... ...express their feelings.it is not corking for anyone to keep their emotions bottled up inside.In conclusion,of course not everyone has all those symptoms every time. Until about ten years ago, childrens mood swings and irritability were considered nothing but a phase that kids go through and would eventually outgrow. It has been proven that if depression in children goes unnoticed and, therefore, untreated, the children gradually allow turn to doing drugs (self-medication) and consuming alcohol, will drop out of school, will become uninhibited, and for a lot of them it even might lead to suicide. The adolescent depression is basically treated as the adult depression. Unfortunately, most of the antidepressant drugs are still not pass by the FDA for children under 18 years. More than likely, those people who are staidly depressed often lead themselves to suicide.

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee Essay -- To Kill a Mockingbird Essa

Its interesting to analyse the ways different roots depict how a fount matures. In Harper Lees novel, To Kill a galling Bird we can easily see how she chose to do it. The novel is destiny in Alabama in the 1930s, while black vs. light racial discrimination was a big issue and problem for humany. Atticus is the father of pathfinder and Jem, young children who witness the discrimination first hand when their father, a white man, def contains a black man in court. Lee does a not bad(p) job developing the characters especially the narrator, Jean Louise Finch (Scout). Scouts thoughts, conversations, and actions, enlarge that shes emotionally maturing from the innocent child that she was.      with Scouts thoughts, its obvious that she is growing up. Readers can see this early in the novel in chapter six. Jem and Scout werent as close as they used to be mostly because Jem was maturing suddenly and fast. He and Dill started deviation Scout out because she was too girly. Scout doesnt like this at first when she ordinates, It was then I suppose that Jem and I first began to piece company. Some ms I did not understand him, but my periods of bewilderment were temporary (61). The item that she accepts this, something not many young girls would do, fork outs that she too is maturing a bit. Thoughts that show Scout is maturing also come near the end of the novel. Although Atticus would perpetually tell her to stand in others shoes and see things from their point of view, it never really came through to her. Not until she stands on shuttle Radleys porch afterwards he saves her and Jem from Bob Ewell. She states, Atticus was right. One time he said you never really know a man until you stand in his shoes and walk around in them. solely standing on the Radley porch was enough (297). Standing on the porch lets Scout in the end see things from Boo Radleys point of view. Earlier in the novel, she was scared every time she passed the ho use. Now as she stands on his porch, the way that she sees things has changed. The lecturer must realize that Scout herself has changed as well.      As well as thoughts, the conversations and interactions between Scout and other characters show how she is mentally and emotionally aging. tightlipped the end is where its more obvious that Scout has matured. After the Finchs are safe from Bob Ewell, they go back to the house with the s... ... after all this behavior "I ran along, wondering what had come over her. She had cute to make up with me, that was it. She had always been too hard on me, she had at last seen the error of her fractious ways, she was sorry and too stubborn to say so." (29). This proves that Scout always thought that Calpurnia never liked her and that she didnt care roughly her, and that she deserves and accepts Cals apology which is not what she wouldve done earlier in the beginning of the novel.     Through Sco uts relationships, choices and actions, as well as the way she narrated the novel allows the readers to really see what kind of character Scout is and how she matured greatly. Its surprising that we see it starting as early as page 29, and Lee does a wonderful job weaving it in through the story. When the novel is finished, its amazing how readers could glance right over the fact that Scout had matured, however they really have to look at how the author of any book, Harper Lee in this case, analyzes the characters through speech, thoughts, and actions. By the end of the novel Scout had grown up immensely, a very key step in everyones life.

Essay --

Sam CulletonMarch 9, 2014Research paperJesse Owens was a truly important man. He was amazing at principal and went to the Olympics. He was the best in college. in time though his childhood was not genuinely broad(a).Jesse Owens was born on September 12 1913. He was born in Oakville, Alabama and was born with the name James. Jesse had nine siblings. His family was very poor. They were solely sharecroppers which convey they were owned by white people but got little money. Even the kids and to help do the job. Every Winter Jesse would get pneumonia and had to work done it. Also every year he would get a abundant bump. One time it got so big his mom had to get a knife and cut it off. When Jesse was nine hid father implant out that the landlord was swindling them out of their money. So once they had enough money, they moved to Ohio. His father found better work there and so did a lot of his family members. Jesse had bowl over in school there. On his first day, his teacher aske d him what his name was and he said his nickname which was J.C. but with his southern accent it sounded like he said Jesse. That name stuck with him for the rest of his life.When Jesse was in the fifth grade, the track teacher there saw him running and asked him to join the track team. Though with all the jobs Jesse had he could not do track in the afternoon so his coach made him get there before school so he could practice track. /jesse driven Junior high magnetic discs in the high jump with a 6 foot jump and he set another one in the broad jump with 22 feet 11 inches and 3/4. In high school, Jesse won all his major track events. He set records in the 100 meter dash with 9.4 seconds which excessively tied the world record. Also in high school he set two world records. He ran the 220 yard dash i... ...rld record in the 100 yard dash and won the 220 low hurdle race all in under forty five minutes. In the Olympics he competed in the 100 meter dash, long jump, 220 meter dash and the four hundred meter dash. In the Olympics he got four gold medals. Jesse Owens was a very important man. He set world records in high school, the queen-sized Ten Conference Championships, and he won four gold medals in the Olympics. He also set records that stood for twenty five years. He wedge athletes by showing no count what you have went through as a child sand no matter how bad of a life you had you can still do great things that you will be remembered for. He impacted racism by showing no matter what race you are you can still do amazing things, prospect racism and compete in the Olympics just like white people. He also showed that if you work hard enough and dream big good things will happen for you.

The Effect of Slavery on the Identity of Cuba Essay examples -- Slaver

The Effect of Slavery on the Identity of CubaThe Caribbean is a diverse region with a unique annals. The progress and advancement of each island complied with the European country in control of it at the time. The Caribbean was conquered and colonized shortly after Columbus discovery in 1492. A similar prospect of the heterogeneous region has been its woodlets. The plantations were an important aspect of the cultural history of the Caribbean. Mintz believed that the plantations fasten the colonies in the Caribbean to the European country that was colonizing it. He statesthe plantation system was an verdant design for the production of export commodities for foreign markets- a means for introducing rural capitalism to subtropical colonial argonas, and for integrating those argonas with the expanding European economy(Mintz 26).The plantations of the Caribbean are also useful tools in learning more about the history of the island who once inhabited the island, as Benitez-Rojo stat es in his essay, From Plantation to Plantation,the plantations serve as a telescope for observing the changes and the continuities of the Caribbean galaxy through the lenses of multifold disciplines, namely economics, history, sociology, governmental science, anthropology, ethnology, demography, as well as through innumerable practices, which range from the commercial message to the military, from the religious literary(Benitez-Rojo 38).The plantations in the Caribbean played a significant enjoyment in shaping each colony in the development from colonialism to the new-fashioned society. In the other readings in class, we learned that Michelle Cliff (Abeng) despised the plantation systems because the Europeans profited from the sugar plantations, whic... ...combination. The blending of the Spanish guitar and the African drum gives Cuban melody its distinctive form, the rumba and son are good examples. Today Cubans are peoples of all different colors. The islands complicated his tory is evident in its inhabitants. workings CITEDBeckles, Hilary& Shepard, Verene. Caribbean Slave Society & Economy, newfangled York, 1991.Cliff, Michelle. Abeng. Penguin Group, 1984.Knight, Franklin. The Caribbean The Genesis of a Fragmented Nationalism. New York, 1990.Paquette, Robert. Sugar is Made with Blood. Middletown, CT, 1988.Perez, Louis. Slaves, Sugar & Colonial Society, Wilmington, Delaware, 1992.Benitez-Rojo, Antonio. The Repeating Island, Duke University, Durham & London, 1992.Mintz, Sidney W. The Caribbean as a Socio-Cultural Area, Peoples and Cultures of the Caribbean, Garden City, New Jersey, 1971.

Adoption And Identity Formation Essay -- essays research papers

There has been an enormous amount of research conducted approximately adoptees and their problems with individualism organization. Many of the researchers agree on some of the causes of identity formation problems in adolescent adoptees, while other researchers conclude that there is no significant difference in identity formation in adoptees and rescue tykeren. This paper lead discuss some of the research which has been conducted and will approach to answer the following questions Do adoptees have identity formation difficulties during adolescence? If so, what ar some of the causes of these vicissitudes? Is there a significant difference between identity formation of adoptees and nonadoptees?The National Adoption Center reports that fifty-two percent of adoptable children have attachment disorder symptoms. It was also found that the older the child when adopt, the higher the risk of social maladjustment (Benson et al., 1998). This is to say that a child who is follow at on e-week of age will have a better find out of &8220normal adjustment than a child who is adoptive at the age of ten. This whitethorn be due in part to the probability that an infant will learn how to trust, where as a ten-year-old may have more encumbrance with this task, depending on his history. Eric Erickson, a developmental theorist, discusses trust issues in his theory of development. The introductory of Erickson&8217s stages of development is Trust v. Mistrust. A child who experiences neglect or abuse can have this stage of development severely damaged. An adopted infant may have the opportunity to fully learn trust, where as an older child may have been shuffled from foster home to concourse home as an infant, thereby never learning trust. Even though Trust v. Mistrust is a major stage of development, &8220the greatest psychological risk for adopted children occurs during the middle childhood and adolescent years (McRoy et al., 1990). As children get under ones skin and c hange into adolescents, they begin to search for an identity by finding anchoring points with which to relate. Unfortunately, adopted children do not have a biological example to which to crop (Horner & Rosenberg, 1991), unless they had an open adoption in which they were able to form a family relationship with their biological families as well as their adoptive ones. Also pick out to the development of trust is the ab... ..., K., Kotsopoulos, S., Oke, L., Pentland, N., Sheahan, P., & Stavrakaki, C. (1988). Psychiatric Disorders in Adopted Children A Controlled Study. American ledger of Orthopsychiatry, 58(4), 608-611.Hajal, F., & Rosenberg, E. (1991). The Family Life Cycle in Adoptive Families. American ledger of Orthopsychiatry, 61(1), 78-85.Horner, T., & Rosenberg, E. (1991). Birthparent Romances and Identity Formation in Adopted Children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 61(1), 70-77.Kelly, M., Martin, B., Rigby, A., & Towner-Thyrum, E. (1998). change and Identity For mation in Adopted and Nonadopted Young Adults Contributions of a Family Enviornment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 68(3), 497-500.McRoy, R., Grotevant, H., Furuta, A., & Lopez, S. (1990). Adoption Revelation and Communication Issues Implications for Practice. Families in Society, 71, 550-557.Wegar, K. (1995). Adoption and affable Health A Theoretical Critique of the Psychopathological Model. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 65(4), 540-548.